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|
Country Name |
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela |
|
Continent |
South America |
|
Surface area |
916,445 km2 |
|
Capital |
Caracas |
|
Population |
28,000,000 |
|
Language |
Spanish |
|
Currency |
Venezuelan Bolivar (VED) |
|
Time zone |
-5hrs compared to Italy |
|
Area code for Italy |
0039 |
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Area code from Italy |
0058 |
Yellow fever vaccination is mandatory for all travellers aged 1 year or over arriving from at-risk countries or travellers who have transited for more than 12 hours at airports in high-risk countries. However, vaccination is recommended for travellers of 9 months of age or older, heading to areas of the country where there is a high risk of infection.
Hepatitis A is usually transmitted by contaminated food and water, or close physical contact with an infected person, whereas Hepatitis B is transmitted by exposure to infected body fluids and blood.
Infection typically occurs through contact with the saliva of an infected animal, usually caused by bites, scratches or licks near open wounds or mucous membranes (e.g. mouth, nose, eyes). The most common vectors are dogs and bats, but cases of infection in other domestic animals have also been reported.
Caused by toxins released by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, the risk of tetanus infection is present throughout the country.
Bacterial in origin, typhoid fever is transmitted through contaminated food and drink, especially in regions with inadequate sanitary conditions.
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease of bacterial origin. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers at risk of developing severe symptoms or coming into contact with infected individuals. It is also recommended for all travellers under the age of 16, who plan to stay in the country for more than 3 months.
Malaria is transmitted by the bites of infected mosquitos and is widespread throughout the country. As a vaccine is still not available, you must take careful precautions to avoid mosquito bites and in some cases it may be necessary to take antimalarial medication, after thorough evaluation by a qualified doctor.
These diseases are spread by the bites of infected mosquitos and there are no vaccines. Consequently, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.
Diseases such as Chikungunya, Leishmaniasis, American trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease) and West Nile virus are present in South America. As these diseases are transmitted by insect bites and there are no vaccines, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.
The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.
Venezuela is situated on the northern coast of South American. The country is bordered by Colombia to the west, Brazil to the south, and Guyana to the east. The northern coastline overlooks the Carribbean Sea for 3,000 km, with a small stretch on the Atlantic Ocean.
The country can be divided into three natural regions. To the west lies the extreme extension of the Andes, where the peaks run parallel for almost 400 km all the way to sea, with heights that reach over 4,000 asl across most of the mountain chain.
The central section is covered by 300,000 sq. km of rolling plains, crossed from west to east by the Orinoco River and its tributaries that flow into a large estuary on the east coast.
Finally, to the south lies the Guiana Highlands, with its tabular plateaus that reach their highest point in the southeast at 2,800 metres.
Venezuela is situated in the middle of the equatorial climate zone, and one of the typical characteristics of the climate and temperature is that they stay the same all-year-round. Only the mountainous regions differ due to the altitude of the elevations. Rainfall is abundant on the western Andean slopes and plateau, but this tapers off along the coastal area to the west.
