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|
Country Name |
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan / Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan |
|
Continent |
Asia |
|
Surface area |
652.225 Km2 |
|
Capital |
Kabul |
| Population |
34.940.837 (CIA World Factbook 2018) |
| Language |
Dari e Pashtō |
| Currency |
Afghani |
|
Fuso orario |
+3,5 rispetto all’Italia |
|
Prefisso per l’Italia |
0039 |
|
Prefisso dall’Italia |
0093 |
The vaccinations below are strongly recommended: these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. The advice from experts is to protect yourself, and those traveling with you, by undergoing the relevant vaccine cycle in order to travel safely while minimizing the likelihood of exposure to infection.
Yellow fever
Yellow fever vaccination is not required.
Poliomyelitis
Endemic in the country, the WHO recommends vaccination if not previously received, or a booster prior to arrival in the country. Vaccination is mandatory for travelers arriving from high-risk countries and may be required of outbound travelers after staying in Afghanistan for more than 4 weeks.
Cholera and typhoid
Virtually nonexistent sanitation facilities have generated cholera outbreaks in some provinces. Throughout the territory, the absence of a centralised sewage and sanitation system facilitates the spread of typhoid, paratyphoid fever, dysentery and salmonellosis.
Malaria and Dengue Fever
They are spread by mosquitoes; there is no vaccine for these diseases. Therefore, it is important to take preventive measures by implementing behavioural prophylaxes.
The risk of contracting malaria is highest especially in the rainy season from May to November below 2,000 meters.
Between October and November 2019, indigenous cases of dengue were confirmed for the first time.
Tick-borne encephalitis
A disease of viral origin, it is transmitted by the bite of infected ticks. Vaccination is recommended for prolonged stays in the eastern regions of the country or for any activities in forested areas.
Insect sting diseases
Diseases such as Chikungunya, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Rift Valley Fever are present in West Asia. Transmitted by insect bites and with no vaccine, it is important to implement careful prevention through behavioural prophylaxes.
The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.
Afghanistan is bordered by Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan to the north, briefly by China to the northeast, Pakistan to the south and east, with Iran to the west.
The territory stretches across the northeastern part of the Iranian plateau and nearly half reaches an average elevation of 4500 m. The mountainous features soften slightly in the east where numerous valleys, though still located at high altitudes, are interposed between the mountainous peaks.
The climate is predominantly continental with precipitation, sometimes of a snowy nature, concentrated during the winter and spring and abundant on the northeastern slope. The southeastern belt, on the other hand, has a temperate sub-tropical climate that enables cultivation.
