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|
Country Name |
Islamic Republic of Pakistan |
|
Continent |
Asia |
|
Surface |
803,940 Km2 |
|
Capital |
Islamabad |
|
Population |
220 million approx. |
|
Language |
Urdu, English in major cities |
|
Currency |
Pakistani Rupee (PKR) |
|
Time zone |
+4hrs in relation to Italy |
|
Area code for Italy |
0039 |
|
Area code from Italy |
0092 |
Yellow fever vaccination is mandatory for all travelers over 1 year old from at-risk countries or who have transited for more than 12 hours at airports in at-risk countries.
Polio vaccination is mandatory for incoming travellers and those heading to high-risk countries.
Cholera is transmitted through infected food and water. Vaccination is especially recommended if you will be travelling to rural areas where it is widespread and access to clean water is limited.
A disease of viral origin, it is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. Vaccination is recommended for prolonged stays in rural regions, particularly between May and October.
Hepatitis A is generally transmitted through contaminated food and water, or through close physical contact with an infected person, while hepatitis B is transmitted through exposure to infected body fluids and blood.
Infection typically occurs through contact with the saliva of an infected animal, usually through bites, scratches or licks near open wounds or membranes (mouth, nose, eyes). The most common vectors are dogs and bats, but cases of infection in other domestic animals have also been reported.
Caused by toxins released by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, there is an endemic risk of contracting tetanus throughout the country.
Bacterial in origin, typhoid fever is transmitted through contaminated food and drink, especially in regions where sanitation conditions are poor.
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease of bacterial origin. Vaccination is recommended for all travelers at risk of developing severe symptoms or of coming into contact with infected individuals. It is likewise recommended for all travelers under the age of 16 who plan to reside in the country for more than 3 months
Malaria, transmitted by mosquito bites, is widespread throughout the country below 2,000 metres, particularly in rural regions between July and December. As a vaccine is not yet available, you are advised to take both behavioural and, following medical consultation, pharmacological preventive measures.
There has been a sharp increase in cases in the country since 2019, especially in Islamabad and areas of Punjab, KPK, and Sindh. The main vector is the aedes aegypti mosquito, which proliferates in wetlands and stagnant water.
The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.
Pakistan is a southern Asian state facing the Arabian Sea to the south, bordered by India to the east, China to the north, with Afghanistan and Iran to the west.
The country's territory is divided into two parts: the eastern, flat part traversed by the Indus River and its tributaries, which flows from the Himalayas throughout Pakistan, and the western part occupied by the Iranian Plateau.
The Indus Plain includes the two regions of Punjab in the north and Sind in the south, which together form the country's most important economic and cultural areas. The river also marks the separation between the Asian and Indian ridges whose collision gave rise to the Himalayan chain; Pakistan therefore, positioned as it is in this area remains an earthquake-prone territory.
The plateau region exceeds 3,000 m in places and in several areas is occupied by salt-water basins. On the southern slope it narrows as it descends steeply toward the sea. Finally, the far northern region of the country is home to the highest peak in the Karakoram range, the 8,611-metre K2.
The country lies in the tropical and sub-tropical belt; however, it is only mildly affected by the summer monsoon, in fact there is little rainfall in summer itself. Continental climate characteristics can also be identified, especially in Sind, a very arid area that crosses into India in the Thar Desert. The northern slope, because of the high altitude, has a remarkably unstable mountain climate.
