Zambia Bandiera della Zambia

Cartina geografica della Zambia

 General informations

Country Name

Republic of Zambia

Continent

Africa

Surface area

752,612 km2

Capital

Lusaka

Population

16,000,000 (approx.)

Language

English

Currency

Zambian Kwacha (ZMW)

Time zone

+1hr compared to Italy

Area code for Italy

0039

Area code from Italy

00260

 Prevention

Yellow fever

Yellow fever vaccination is mandatory for all travellers over 1 year of age from at-risk countries or who have transited for more than 12 hours at airports in at-risk countries. In some rare cases, vaccination may be recommended for travellers heading to the north-western and western regions of the country.

Cholera


Cholera is spread by the consumption of contaminated food and water. Vaccination is particularly recommended if you are travelling to poorer neighbourhoods in the urban compounds (shanty towns), where cholera outbreaks are common during the rainy season.

Hepatitis A and B


Hepatitis A is usually transmitted by contaminated food and water, or close physical contact with an infected person, whereas Hepatitis B is transmitted by exposure to infected body fluids and blood.

Polio


Polio is typically transmitted by contaminated food and water and can be caused by three different types of polio viruses. Infections caused by one type of virus do not protect against the others.

Rabies


Infection typically occurs through contact with the saliva of an infected animal, usually caused by bites, scratches or licks near open wounds or mucous membranes (mouth, nose, eyes). The most common vectors are dogs and bats, but cases of infection in other domestic animals have also been reported.

Tetanus


Caused by toxins released by Clostridium tetani bacteria, the risk of tetanus infection is high throughout the country.

Typhus


Bacterial in origin, typhoid fever is transmitted through contaminated food and drink, especially in regions with inadequate sanitary conditions.

Tuberculosis


Tuberculosis is an airborne disease of bacterial origin. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers at risk of developing severe symptoms or coming into contact with infected individuals. It is also recommended for all travellers under the age of 16, who plan to stay in the country for more than 3 months.

Malaria

Malaria is transmitted by the bites of infected mosquitos and is widespread throughout the country. As a vaccine is still not available, you must take careful precautions to avoid mosquito bites and in some cases it may be necessary to take antimalarial medication, after thorough evaluation by a qualified doctor.

Chikungunya, Dengue

These diseases are spread by the bites of infected mosquitos and there are no vaccines. Consequently, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.

Insect bites and stings

Diseases such as Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever, Rift Valley Fever, Leishmaniasis, African trypanosomiasis, and West Nile virus are present in some parts of East Africa. As these diseases are transmitted by insect bites and there are no vaccines, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.

The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.

 Territory and climate

Zambia is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. It is bordered by the Democratic Republic of Congo to the north, Tanzania and Malawi to the northeast, Mozambique to the east, Zimbabwe and Botswana to the south, Namibia to the southwest, and Angola to the west.

The territory mainly consists of a series of high plateaus with average elevations of about 1,000 metres, which thin out towards the north, west, south and southeast. The eastern point and the border with Malawi are hemmed in by mountain ranges where the highest point is 2,200 metres.

The climate is modified by altitude, causing significant annual excursions, with moderate temperatures during the dry season, which increase during the rainy season between November and April. Precipitation mainly concentrates in the north-eastern region of the country.

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