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Country Name |
Federal Republic of Nigeria |
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Continent |
Africa |
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Surface area |
923,768 km2 |
|
Capital |
Abuja |
|
Population |
205,000,000 |
|
Language |
English, Yoruba, Hausa, Igbo, and others |
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Currency |
Naira (NGN) |
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Time zone |
The same as Italy |
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Area code for Italy |
00939 (from landlines) or +39 (from mobile phones) |
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Area code from Italy |
00234 |
Yellow fever vaccination is mandatory for all travellers over 9 months of age. Vaccination is recommended by the WHO.
Cholera is spread by the consumption of contaminated food and water. Vaccination is recommended, especially if you intend to travel to rural areas where the disease is widespread and there is limited access to clean water.
Hepatitis A is usually transmitted by contaminated food and water, or close physical contact with an infected person, whereas Hepatitis B is transmitted by exposure to infected body fluids and blood.
Meningitis is endemic throughout the country. Pre-travel consultation to evaluate vaccination requirements is strongly recommended.
Polio is typically transmitted by contaminated food and water and can be caused by three different types of polio viruses. Infections caused by one type of virus do not protect against the others.
Infection typically occurs through contact with the saliva of an infected animal, usually caused by bites, scratches or licks near open wounds or mucous membranes (e.g. mouth, nose, eyes). The most common vectors are dogs and bats, but cases of infection in other domestic animals have also been reported.
Bacterial in origin, typhoid fever is transmitted through contaminated food and drink, especially in regions with inadequate sanitary conditions.
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease of bacterial origin. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers at risk of developing severe symptoms or coming into contact with infected individuals. It is also recommended for all travellers under the age of 16, who plan to stay in the country for more than 3 months.
Malaria is transmitted by the bites of infected mosquitos and is widespread throughout the country. As a vaccine is still not available, you must take careful precautions to avoid mosquito bites and in some cases it may be necessary to take antimalarial medication, after thorough evaluation by a qualified doctor.
These diseases are spread by the bites of infected mosquitos and there are no vaccines. Consequently, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.
Diseases such as Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever, Rift Valley Fever, Leishmaniasis, African trypanosomiasis, and West Nile virus are present in some parts of West Africa. As these diseases are transmitted by insect bites and there are no vaccines, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.
The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.
Nigeria is a West African country bordered by Niger to the north, Chad to the northeast, Cameroon to the east, Benin to the west, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south.
The north-centra region of the country is dominated by vast highlands (with average elevations of 1,250 m), interspersed with numerous valleys which gently descend northeast towards Lake Chad. It borders the Benue Valley to the south and the Niger Valley to the southwest. The southern region is generally less elevated, with the exception of the territory west of Niger, which is characterised by reliefs and forest-covered hills, and the eastern point that is home to the Cameroon mountain range. The coastal strip, where the large Niger delta is located, is flat and surrounded by sandbanks and lagoons.
The climate is divided into two distinct categories: along the coast it is equatorial, with high temperatures and abundant rainfall all-year-round, which peaks in spring and autumn; whereas, proceeding northward the climate becomes influenced by the Harmattan season that brings dusty winds from the Sahelian desert, with more extreme temperatures and progressively less rain, which falls in early and late summer.
