El Salvador Bandiera della El Salvador

Cartina geografica della El Salvador

 General informations

Country Name

Republic of El Salvador

Continent

Central America

Surface area

21,041 km2

Capital

San Salvador

Population

6.8 million

Language

Spanish

Currency

U.S. dollar

Time zone

-7hrs in relation to Italy

Area code for Italy

0039

Area code from Italy

00503

 Prevention

Yellow fever

Yellow fever vaccination is not required.

Hepatitis A and B

Hepatitis A is generally transmitted through contaminated food and water, or through close physical contact with an infected person, while hepatitis B is transmitted through exposure to infected body fluids and blood.

Rabies

Infection typically occurs through contact with the saliva of an infected animal, usually through bites, scratches or licks near open wounds or membranes (mouth, nose, eyes). The most common vectors are dogs and bats, but cases of infection in other domestic animals have also been reported.

Tetanus

Caused by toxins released by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, there is an endemic risk of contracting tetanus throughout the country.

Typhoid Fever

Bacterial in origin, typhoid fever is transmitted through contaminated food and drink, especially in regions where sanitation conditions are poor.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is a bacterial airborne disease. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers at risk of developing severe symptoms or of coming into contact with infected individuals. It is likewise recommended for all travellers under the age of 16 who plan to reside in the country for more than 3 months.

Malaria

Malaria, transmitted by mosquito bites, is widespread throughout the country. As a vaccine is not yet available, you are advised to take both behavioural, and following medical consultation, pharmacological preventive measures.

Dengue,  Zika

These diseases are spread by mosquito bites and there is no vaccine. Therefore, it is important to take preventive measures by implementing behavioural prophylaxes.

Insect sting diseases

Chikungunya and West Nile virus are to be found in certain areas of the Caribbean. Transmitted by insect bites and with no vaccine, it is important to take preventive measures with behavioural prophylaxes.

The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.

 Territory and climate

El Salvador is an isthmic Central American state facing the Pacific Ocean along the entire southern coast. It borders Guatemala to the west and Honduras to the north and east.

The entire country, with the exception of the coastal strip, is located on a plateau approx. 600 metres above sea level. The land here is criss-crossed by numerous waterways and is home to as many as twenty-three volcanos, six of which are still active. Volcanic activity is compounded by high seismic risk.

The coastal region is flat and linear, mostly affected by rainfall that allows the lush rainforest to flourish.

The climate is hot and humid with an annual average of around 27°C.

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